Nasser+and+Mao

__Origin and nature of authoritarian and single-party states__ · Conditions that produced authoritarian and single-party states · Emergence of leaders: aims, ideology, support · Totalitarianism: the aim and the extent to which it was achieved **1.** **Select two leaders of single-party states, each chosen from a different region, and explain how and why the conditions of their state helped them to rise to power.** 2. Analyze the conditions that enabled one left-wing leader to become the ruler of a single-party state. __Establishment of authorities and single party states__ · Methods: force, legal · Form of government, (left- and right-wing) ideology · Nature, extent and treatment of opposition 1. Analyzing the ideology of (a) one right-wing ruler, and (b) one left wing ruler. 2. Select one leader of a single-party state, and explain why there was opposition to his rule, and why the opposition succeeded or failed. 3. Discuss (a) the ideology of, and (b) the support for, one right wing ruler of a single-party state. **4.** **Evaluate the methods used by either //Peron// or //Nasser// to maintain power. (for our purposes, you will select any two leaders from different regions)**

I. Both established power by revolution II. Both used force to maintain power III. Censorship strictly established in both regimes to present the leader favorably. IV. Opposition tortured and Executed in both regimes. V. Ideologies similar: Rid of corruption and reestablish nation. a. Mao – Through development of movements to help China move forward b. Nasser – through elimination of opposition purely.

__Domestic policies and impact__ · Structure and organization of government and administration · Political, economic, social and religious policies · Role of education, the arts, the media, propaganda · Status of women, treatment of religious groups and minorities 1. Compare and contrast the religious policies of Hitler and Peron. 2. In 1952 Kenyatta said, “God said this is our land, land in which we flourish as a people”. In what ways did the people of Kenya (a) benefit, and (b) suffer from Kenyatta’s policies? 3. To what extent were the social and economic policies of one of the following successful: Mao, Nasser, Stalin? **4.** **Compare and contrast the domestic policies of two of the following: Castro, Kenyatta, Stalin. (for our purposes, you will select any two leaders from different regions)** 5. Examine the role of education in one single-party or authoritarian state. 6. In what ways, and to what extent, was propaganda important in the rise and ruler of Hitler?

a. Similarities – Initial Problems and Policies  i. When both leaders came to power, their respective nations were very weak from foreign occupancy and influence and/or domestic turmoil, both of which resulted from a weak administration and unstable leader.  ii. In Egypt, Nasser was faced with the British occupancy and presence due to the Suez Canal, and so in order to place power back into the hands of Egypt and its people, Nasser needed to face and rebel against the British presence, and clean up after the mistakes that his predecessor made by allowing the British to essentially trample over Egypt.  iii. Mao had slightly different problems, in the sense that he did not have to deal so much with expelling another nation from his borders, but rather fixing the problems that resulted from not only a very poor previous administration, but also the results from a war with Japan.  iv. Both leaders focused heavily on nationalism, and making their country the best, at least in the eyes of its citizens. They both did this by taking matters into the hands of the government, and forcing the citizens to do things there way, since it seemed as though they could not do so on their own. Mao instituted programs such as collective farms. Nasser chose to implement his policies of a self-determined nation by taking away the power and importance Britain had in Egypt, and giving that responsibility to the people, such as the first instance where an Egyptian sailor sailed a tanker through the Canal.  v. Both leaders implemented governments that were left leaning and had socialist/communist ideals at their center, from the strong central leader, and also the faux-self-direction that the leaders gave their people: Mao through collective farms and Nasser through nationalizing the Suez Canal, opening a plethora of jobs for the Egyptian people.  vi. Both at some point used force in order to quell resistance, or even the possibility of resistance in their people. Mao did so by effectively wiping out villages, and Nasser would arrest people for being allegedly in opposition. b. Differences – How They Led Their People and Ideological Differences  i. While both nations were thrust into a world where they would have to choose sides between a Capitalist government and a Communist government, the two nations chose very different routes.  ii. Mao decided to take the path of following in Stalin’s footsteps and so become a communist nation, not until the later 1960s did he finally begin to break away from the Russian Communist mold, creating a more defined Chinese version of Communism.  iii. Nasser believed in maintaining an outlook of neutrality and did not want to get to mixed up in the international politics while he was trying to reinforce the strength of his nation, and so decided to be neither influenced by the West nor the Soviet Union. This changed later, however; Nasser eventually began to rely more on the Soviet Union because the West (namely the United States) was supplying Israel with weapons, and Egypt desperately needed weapons in order to compete with Israel.  iv. Nasser was entirely about benefitting his nation, and improving Egypt to make it a better place to live, and more of a power on the international scale. However, he also had the interest of his people at the heart of everything he did.  v. Mao was entirely obsessed with having as much power as possible, and if that meant he was to oppress his people and sacrifice thousands, he would do so to consolidate power.