Walley,+Anna

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The purpose of this investigation will be to examine both the film, //Le Petit Soldat// and the evidence surrounding torture during the Algerian War. Both the film's scenes of physical and psychological torture will be analyzed and then compared and contrasted with accounts of torture in the book, //A Savage War of Peace//, and the sentiments of the "Manifesto of the 121." //Le Petit Soldat// and Alistair Horne's //A Savage War of Peace// will be assessed on their purpose, origin, value, and limitation.=====

**B – Summary of evidence**


**C – Evaluation of Sources**

**Horne, Alistair. //A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954-1962.// New York: The Viking Press, 1977. Print.**

//A Savage War of Peace// is a non-fiction book by Sir Alistair Horne, a British historian that specializes in modern French history. Horne's purpose in writing //A Savage War of Peace// was to provide a complete and thorough history of the Algerian War from its start in 1954 to its end in 1962 with elections in an independent Algeria. The value in the book resides in its complete, thorough, relatively neutral stance, and its relevancy to modern times. Horne appeared on Charlie Rose in 2009 due to his book's resurgence in popularity as a result of the Iraq war. //A Savage War// has reportedly been read by President George Bush, American military officials, and Henry Kissinger. Horne includes Kipling's poem, “The White Man's Burden” on the cover page of his novel, a gesture that reveals Horne is taking a neutral but critical approach to his depiction of the Algerian War. Horne's book is limited due to the fact that although he provides an in depth analysis of the use of torture by the French, his book does include much on the use of torture by the FLN. Another limitation is that the book was written in 1977, and since this date France has released official papers pertaining to the war, thus information Horne was unable to include in his book.

** Godard, Jean-Luc. // Le Petit Soldat (The Little Soldier) //. Jean-Luc Godard. 1963. Les Productions Georges de Beauregard. **  The film //, Le Petit Soldat, // is a political thriller about a Frenchman, Bruno Foresteir, living in Geneva to escape the French draft during the Algerian Civil War. The film, directed by French new wave director, Jean-Luc Godard, was released in 1960 but was banned in France until 1963 because of its graphic torture scenes. The purpose of Godard's films are to present existential and Marxist themes. In // Soldat // he denounces the use of torture by both France and Algeria and offers a neutral and personal viewpoint. The value of the film resides in the fact that it has scenes of torture by both the French and the FLN. Godard uses a // Hamlet // -esque struggle for the main character, Bruno: should he act or not? It allows viewers to experience the internal conflicts of the Algerian War on an individual level, rather than a system level. The limit to the film is its genr é, fiction. It does not provide an exact documentation of torture and relations during the Algerian war. But as Bruno notes in the film, “photography is truth, and cinema is truth twenty-four times per second.”